Table of Contents

SECTION 1 - INTRODUCTION
1.1 Scope
1.2 Overview
1.3 Regulatory Requirements
1.4 Referenced Publications
1.5 Definitions
SECTION 2 - CAVERN HYDRAULICS
2.1 General
2.2 Pressure
     2.2.1 Casing Seat Pressure
     2.2.2 Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure
     2.2.3 Minimum Allowable Operating Pressure
     2.2.4 Rate of Pressure Change
2.3 Maximum Product Injection Rate
2.4 Maximum Allowable Brine Injection Rate
2.5 Pressure Surges ("Water Hammer")
2.6 Specific Gravity
2.7 Brine Saturation
SECTION 3 - STORED PRODUCT FACILITIES
3.1 Pumps and Compressors
3.2 Product Control
3.3 Product Measurement
3.4 Product Conditioning
3.5 Surface Product Piping
3.6 Tubular Strings
3.7 Changing the Product Stored
     3.7.1 General
     3.7.2 Potential Problems Areas and Solutions
SECTION 4 - BRINE FACILITIES
4.1 Salinity
4.2 Brine Sources
4.3 Brine Storage Pond
4.4 Disposal
4.5 Pumping
4.6 Measurement
4.7 Control
4.8 Product/Brine Separation Systems
SECTION 5 - FRESH WATER FACILITIES
5.1 Source
5.2 Pumping
5.3 Measurement
SECTION 6 - WELLHEAD/HANGING STRING
6.1 General
6.2 Planning
6.3 Safety Considerations
6.4 The Workover
6.5 Additional Tests and/or Safety Devices
6.6 Cavern Protection While Out of Service
SECTION 7 - CAVERN INTEGRITY TESTING AND MISCELLANEOUS SURVEYS
7.1 Mechanical Integrity or Certification Testing
     7.1.1 General
     7.1.2 Brine Full Hydrostatic Pressure Test
     7.1.3 Nitrogen/Brine Interface Test
7.2 Frequency of Testing
7.3 Sonar Caliper Surveys
7.4 Geophysical Logs
7.5 Elevation Surveys
7.6 Records and Reports
     7.6.1 Retention
     7.6.2 Reporting
SECTION 8 - ENVIRONMENTAL AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS
SECTION 9 - SECURITY
9.1 General
9.2 Area Patrol
9.3 Controlled Access
9.4 Boundary/Perimeter Control
9.5 Security Plans
9.6 Locks
SECTION 10 - EMERGENCY PLANS
10.1 General
10.2 Suggested Contents
10.3 Mutual Aid Organizations
SECTION 11 - SAFETY AND TRAINING
11.1 Safety Engineering Design Criteria
     11.1.1 General
     11.1.2 Cavern Safety Equipment
     11.1.3 Rotating Equipment
     11.1.4 Maintenance Access
11.2 Personnel Safety
11.3 Contractor Safety
11.4 Operator Training
SECTION 12 - RECORDS
12.1 General
12.2 Design and Construction Records
12.3 Regulatory Compliance Records
12.4 Maintenance Records
     12.4.1 Routine Maintenance
     12.4.2 Preventive Maintenance
12.5 Ongoing Operations Records
12.6 Operations Log Book

Abstract

Gives basic guidance on the operation of solution-mined underground hydrocarbon liquid or liquefied petroleum gas storage facilities. Describes all aspects of solution-mined underground storage operation, including cavern hydraulics, brine facilities, wellhead and hanging strings, and cavern testing.

General Product Information

Published
Document Type	Standard
Status	Current
Publisher	American Petroleum Institute
ProductNote	Reconfirmed 1994
Pages
ISBN