Table of Contents

Executive Summary
1 Introduction
    Overview of the Variables and Theoretical Context
    Approach
2 Review of the Data
3 Analysis of Reid Vapor Pressure
    Underlying Theory
    Expected Empirical Relationships
    Descriptive Statistics
    Regression Analysis
4 Analyses of Gas Molecular Weights
    Underlying Theory and Expected Predictors
    Descriptive Statistics
    Regression Analysis
5 Analyses of Mole Fractional Contributions of Hazardous
    Air Pollutants to Hydrocarbon Emissions
    Summary of Results
6 Analysis of Separator Gas Specific Gravity
    Descriptive Statistics
    Regression Analysis
7 Comparative Evaluation of Alternative Models and Inputs
    Comparison of Flash Emission Estimates
    Comparison of W & S Emission Estimates
    Comparison of Total Emission Estimates
8 Conclusions
References
Appendix A - Quality-Reviewed Data Set for 94 Tanks
Figures
1.1 Illustration of crude oil extraction and storage
    processes at an exploration and production storage tank
2.1 Frequency distributions of selected parameters for the
    94-tank data set
2.2 Scatter plot matrix of selected parameters for the
    94-tank data set
3.1 The relationship between RVP and bubble point observed
    at 94 E & P storage tanks
3.2 Illustration of a single-parameter regression between
    sales oil APIG and sales oil RVP (psia)
4.1 Relationships between the mole fraction of methane and
    flash gas molecular weights
4.2 Performance of the recommended equation to predict
    W & S gas molecular weight (MWTws)
4.3 Performance of the recommended equation to predict
    flash gas molecular weight (MWTF)
4.4 Improved performance in the error of the estimate for
    MWTWS
4.5 Improved performance in the error of the estimate for
    MWTF
6.1 Performance of the recommended equation to predict
    the logarithm of separator gas specific gravity, In
    (SGSG)
6.2 Improved performance in the error of the estimate for
    In(SGSG)
7.1 Comparison of the Vasquez-Beggs correlation equation
    and E & P TANK results
7.2 Comparison of the Vasquez-Beggs correlation equation
    and E & P TANK - 95 percent confidence bounds on the
    agreement between estimated flash emissions
7.3 Comparison of AP-42 W & S emissions estimated from
    default and correlated RVPs with AP-42 emissions
    estimated from measured RVPs
7.4 Comparison of modeled (E & P TANK) and correlated
    emissions with measured total THC emissions for seven
    storage tanks
Tables
ES.1 Average speciation profiles, mole percent
2.1 Results of an initial examination of E & P TANK model
     output for 103 E & P storage tanks
3.1 Descriptive statistics of variables used to predict
     RVP
3.2 Single-parameter correlation coefficients for RVP
4.1 Descriptive statistics of variables used to predict
     gas molecular weights
4,2 Single-parameter correlation coefficients for gas
     molecular weights
5.1 Flash gas analysis: correlations to predict molar
     contributions of HAPs to THC emissions
5.2 W & S gas analysis: correlations to predict molar
     contributions of HAPs to THC emissions
5.3 Average speciation profiles modeled for the 94-tank
     data set, mole percent
5.4 Comparison of average speciation profiles to the EPA
     SPECIATE database, as weight percent
6.1 Descriptive statistics of variables used to predict
     specific gravity of the separator gas
6.2 Single-parameter correlation coefficients for gas
     molecular weights
8.1 Average speciation profiles, mole percent

Abstract

Defines simple techniques for exploration and production (E&P) operators of petroleum storage tank facilities to meet environmental regulations. Recommended to estimate Reid Vapor Pressure, vented working and standing gas molecular weight, vented flash gas molecular weight, hydrocarbon speciation, (including hazardous air pollutants), and separator gas specific gravity.

General Product Information

Published
Document Type	Standard
Status	Current
Publisher	American Petroleum Institute
Pages
ISBN