Table of Contents

SECTION 1 - VOLUME ESTIMATES OF NORM WASTES
1.1 Introduction
              1.1.1 Comments on the NORM Survey Data
              1.1.2 NORM Database Information
1.2 Volumes of NORM Waste - Past, Present,
              and Forecast
              1.2.1 General
              1.2.2 Regions 1, 2, 3, and 5
              1.2.3 Calculation of the NORM Accumulation
                        Region 4 - California
              1.2.4 Summary of NORM Quantities for
                        Each Region
1.3 Reference List
SECTION 2 - NORM DISPOSAL OPTIONS AVAILABLE
2.1 Burial Sites
2.2 Surface Treatment
2.3 Commercial Disposal Injection
2.4 Recycling of Steel
2.5 NORM Recycling Into Shielding Bricks
2.6 Plug and Abandonment of Wells -
              Encapsulation and Injection
SECTION 3 - COST ESTIMATES FOR EACH DISPOSAL OPTION
3.1 Disposal Options Review
              3.1.1 Burial Sites
              3.1.2 Surface Treatment
              3.1.3 Commercial Injection Disposal
              3.1.4 Recycling of Steel
              3.1.5 NORM Recycling into Shielding Bricks
              3.1.6 Plug and Abandonment of Wells -
                        Encapsulation and Injection
3.2 Cost Estimates
SECTION 4 - INDUSTRY - WIDE DISPOSAL COST IMPACT
4.1 Accumulated NORM
4.2 Annual NORM Accumulation
4.3 Summary of NORM Transport Disposal Cost
              Impact by Region
              4.3.1 Region 1 - Gulf Coast
              4.3.2 Region 2 - Mid-Continent
              4.3.3 Region 3 - Rocky Mountain
              4.3.4 Region 4 - California
              4.3.5 Region 5 - Alaska
4.4 Conclusion
SECTION 5 - ASSUMPTIONS FOR DISPOSAL ANALYSIS
APPENDIX A - SAMPLE OF NORM DISPOSAL COST
              SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE
APPENDIX B - SAMPLES OF NORM DISPOSAL JOB/PROGRAM COSTS
APPENDIX C - NORM DISPOSAL COST STUDY QUESTIONNAIRE REPLIES

Abstract

Gives the reported quantities of NORM that have accumulated over the years and the annual rate of NORM production for 1993 from U.S. oil and gas condensate production.

General Product Information

Published
Document Type	Standard
Status	Current
Publisher	American Petroleum Institute
Pages
ISBN