Table of Contents

Foreword<br>Introduction<br>1 Scope<br>2 Analysis framework<br>3 Terms and definitions<br>4 Symbols and abbreviated terms<br>5 Overview and challenges<br>6 Introduction to modelling and calculations<br>7 Analytical formulae approach (low demand mode)<br>8 Boolean and sequential approaches<br>9 Markovian approach<br>10 Petri net approach<br>11 Monte Carlo simulation approach<br>12 Numerical reliability data uncertainty handling<br>14 Typical applications<br>Annex A (informative) - Systems with safety functions<br>Annex B (informative) - State analysis and failure<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;classification<br>Annex C (informative) - Relationship between failure<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;rate conditional and unconditional failure<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;intensities and failure frequency<br>Annex D (informative) - Broad models for demand mode<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(reactive) safety systems<br>Annex E (informative) - Continuous mode (preventive)<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;safety systems<br>Annex F (informative) - Multi-layers safety systems/multiple<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;safety systems<br>Annex G (informative) - Common cause failures<br>Annex H (informative) - The human factor<br>Annex I (informative) - Analytical formulae<br>Annex J (informative) - Sequential modelling<br>Annex K (informative) - Overview of calculations with<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Boolean models<br>Annex L (informative) - Markovian approach<br>Annex M (informative) - Petri net modelling<br>Annex N (informative) - Monte Carlo simulation approach<br>Annex O (informative) - Numerical uncertainties handling<br>Bibliography

Abstract

Helps to close the gap between the state-of-the-art and the application of probabilistic calculations for the safety systems of the petroleum petrochemical and natural gas industries.

General Product Information

Published
Document Type	Standard
Status	Current
Publisher	British Standards Institution
Pages
ISBN
Committee	PSE/17
Supersedes	BS PD ISO/TR 12489 : 2013