Table of Contents

Chapter 1 - First principles
  1.1 Overview
  1.2 Protection against abnormalities
  1.3 Planning system protection
  1.4 Preliminary design
  1.5 Basic protective equipment
  1.6 Special protection
  1.7 Field follow-up
  1.8 References
Chapter 2 - Short-circuit calculations
  2.1 Introduction
  2.2 Types of short-circuit currents
  2.3 The nature of short-circuit currents
  2.4 Protective device currents
  2.5 Per-unit calculations
  2.6 Short-circuit current calculation methods
  2.7 Symmetrical components
  2.8 Network interconnections
  2.9 Calculation examples
  2.10 Specialized faults for protection studies
  2.11 References
  2.12 Bibliography
Chapter 3 - Instrument transformers
  3.1 Introduction
  3.2 Current transformers (CTs)
  3.3 Voltage (potential) transformers (VTs)
  3.4 References
  3.5 Bibliography
Chapter 4 - Selection and application of protective relays
  4.1 General discussion of a protective system
  4.2 Zones of protection
  4.3 Fundamental operating principles
  4.4 Functional description - application and principles
  4.5 References
  4.6 Bibliography
Chapter 5 - Low-voltage fuses
  5.1 General discussion
  5.2 Definitions
  5.3 Documentation
  5.4 Standard dimensions
  5.5 Typical interrupting ratings
  5.6 Achieving selectivity with fuses
  5.7 Current-limiting characteristics
  5.8 Special applications for low-voltage fuses
  5.9 References
  5.10 Bibliography
Chapter 6 - High-voltage fuses (1000 V through 169 kV)
  6.1 Definitions
  6.2 Fuse classification
  6.3 Current-limiting and expulsion power fuse designs
  6.4 Application of high-voltage fuses
  6.5 References
  6.6 Bibliography
Chapter 7 - Low-voltage circuit breakers
  7.1 General
  7.2 Ratings
  7.3 Current limitation
  7.4 Typical ratings
  7.5 Trip unit
  7.6 Application
  7.7 Accessories
  7.8 Conclusions
  7.9 References
  7.10 Bibliography
Chapter 8 - Ground-fault protection
  8.1 General discussion
  8.2 Types of systems relative to ground-fault protection
  8.3 Nature, magnitudes, and damage of ground faults
  8.4 Frequently used ground-fault protective schemes
  8.5 Typical applications
  8.6 Special applications
  8.7 References
  8.8 Bibliography
Chapter 9 - Conductor protection
  9.1 General discussion
  9.2 Cable protection
  9.3 Definitions
  9.4 Short-circuit current protection of cables
  9.5 Overload protection of cables
  9.6 Physical protection of cables
  9.7 Code requirements for cable protection
  9.8 Busway protection
  9.9 References
  9.10 Bibliography
Chapter 10 - Motor protection
 10.1 General discussion
 10.2 Factors to consider in protection of motors
 10.3 Types of protection
 10.4 Low-voltage motor protection
 10.5 Medium-voltage motor protection
 10.6 References
 10.7 Bibliography
Chapter 11 - Transformer protection
 11.1 General discussion
 11.2 Need for protection
 11.3 Objectives in transformer protection
 11.4 Types of transformers
 11.5 Preservation systems
 11.6 Protective devices for liquid preservation systems
 11.7 Thermal detection of abnormalities
 11.8 Transformer primary protective device
 11.9 Protecting the transformer from electrical disturbances
 11.10 Protection from the environment
 11.11 Conclusion
 11.12 References
 11.13 Bibliography
Chapter 12 - Generator protection
 12.1 Introduction
 12.2 Classification of generator applications
 12.3 Short-circuit performance
 12.4 Generator grounding
 12.5 Protective devices
 12.6 References
 12.7 Bibliography
Chapter 13 - Bus and switchgear protection
 13.1 General discussion
 13.2 Types of buses and arrangements
 13.3 Bus overcurrent protection
 13.4 Medium- and high-voltage bus differential protection
 13.5 Backup protection
 13.6 Low-voltage bus conductor and switchgear protection
 13.7 Voltage surge protection
 13.8 Conclusion
 13.9 References
 13.10 Bibliography
Chapter 14 - Service supply-line protection
 14.1 General discussion
 14.2 Service requirements
 14.3 System disturbances
 14.4 Supply-line protection
 14.5 Examples of supply-system protective schemes
 14.6 References
 14.7 Bibliography
Chapter 15 - Overcurrent coordination
 15.1 General discussion
 15.2 General considerations
 15.3 Overcurrent protection guidelines
 15.4 TCC plots
 15.5 CTIs
 15.6 Initial planning and data required for a coordination
       study
 15.7 Procedure
 15.8 Ground-fault coordination on low-voltage systems
 15.9 Phase-fault coordination on substation 600 V or less
 15.10 References
 15.11 Bibliography
Chapter 16 - Maintenance, testing, and calibration
 16.1 Overview
 16.2 Definitions
 16.3 Safety of personnel
 16.4 Safety provisions for maintenance operations
 16.5 Frequency of maintenance operations
 16.6 Maintenance of switchgear for voltages up to
       1000 V ac and 1200 V dc
 16.7 Maintenance of air-magnetic switchgear for voltages
       above 1000 V ac and 1200 V dc
 16.8 Maintenance of oil switchgear
 16.9 Maintenance of vacuum circuit breaker switchgear
 16.10 Maintenance of sulphur hexafluoride (SF[6]) circuit
       breaker and load-interrupter switchgear
 16.11 Diagnostic testing
 16.12 Maintenance of auxiliary items
 16.13 Maintenance of protective apparatus
 16.14 Maintenance and testing of insulation
 16.15 Maintenance of industrial moulded-case circuit
       breakers (MCCBs)
 16.16 References
 16.17 Bibliography
Index

Abstract

Provides a better understanding of the purpose for and techniques involved in the protection and coordination of industrial and commercial power systems.

General Product Information

Published
Document Type	Standard
Status	Current
Publisher	Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers
Pages
ISBN